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Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of different types of neonatal sepsis.Methods:From January 2012 to December 2019, neonates with confirmed sepsis from 5 neonatal centers of central-south China were reviewed. The neonates were assigned into early-onset sepsis (EOS) and late-onset sepsis (LOS) group, and the latter was further subgrouped into hospital-acquired LOS (hLOS) group and community-acquired LOS (cLOS) group. The etiological and clinical characteristics were analyzed. SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 580 neonates were enrolled, including 286 (49.3%) in the EOS group and 294 (50.7%) in the LOS group. In LOS group, 147 were in hLOS group and 147 were in cLOS group. The gestational age and birth weight of hLOS group were significantly lower than the other two groups [(32.7±3.6) weeks vs. (37.1±3.7) weeks and (37.7±3.0) weeks, (1 810±717) g vs. (2 837±865) g and (3 024±710) g] ( P<0.05). The common pathogens in EOS and cLOS groups were coagulase-negative staphylococci and Escherichia coli, while Klebsiella pneumoniae was common in hLOS group. Carbapenems usage in the hLOS group was significantly higher than the other two groups [62.6% vs. 28.7% and 16.2%] ( P<0.05). Antibiotics duration in the hLOS group was longer than the other two groups [19 (14, 27) d vs. 15 (12, 20) d and 14 (12, 19) d] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The clinical characteristics of neonatal sepsis vary among different types of infections, and it is necessary to establish appropriate prevention, control, diagnosis and treatment protocols.
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Objective To report a case of Costello syndrome complicated by curis laxa,and to make a molecular genetic diagnosis.Methods Clinical data were collected from a case of Costello syndrome complicated by cutis laxa.Skin tissues were resected from the patient,and peripheral blood samples were obtained from the patient's parents and 150 unrelated healthy controls.Genomic DNA was extracted from these samples,and all the exons and their flanking sequences of the HRAS gene were analyzed by DNA sequencing.Results The 13-month-old female patient presented with growth retardation,severe malnutrition,coarse facial appearance,severely loose skin over the limbs,and decrease or disappearance of subcutaneous fat.A heterozygous mutation c.34G ＞ T (p.Gly12Cys) was detected in exon 2 of the HRAS gene in the patient,but not in her parents or 150 unrelated healthy controls.Conclusion The c.34G ＞ T (p.Gly12Cys) mutation in exon 2 of the HRAS gene may be responsible for Costello syndrome in the patient.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of combination of dexmedetomidine and mild hypothermia on global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in neonatal rats.Methods Ninety-six neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-7 days,weighing 18-22 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=24 each) using a random number table:I/R group,mild hypothermia group (group H),dexmedetomidine group (group D) and combination of dexmedetomidine and mild hypothermia group (group DH).Global cerebral ischemia was induced in rats anaesthetized with chloral hydrate by bilateral common carotid artery clamping (for 15 min) combined with hypotension followed by reperfusion.Dexmedetomidine 75 pg/kg was given intraperitoneally at 30 min before ischemia in D and DH groups,while the equal volume of normal saline was given in I/R and H groups.The temperature in the temporal muscle was maintained at 36.7-37.2℃ in I/R and D groups,and at 34.8-35.3℃ in H and DH groups.At 12,24 and 72 h of reperfusion,8 rats were randomly chosen in each group,and neurological deficit score (NDS) was determined.The animals were then sacrificed,and their brains were removed for determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (by spectrophotometry) and contents of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in brain tissues (using ELISA).Results Compared with I/R group,the NDS,MPO activity and contents of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased in the other three groups.The NDS,MPO activity and contents of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly lower in DH group than in H or D group.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can optimize cerebral protection providedby mild hypothermia against global cerebral I/R injury through inhibiting inflammatory responses in brain tissues of neonatal rats.
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Purpose To explore the clinicopathologic characteristics, immunophenotype, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, molecu-lar genetic feature, treatments and prognosis of intra-abdominal EIMS. Methods Two cases of intra-abdominal EIMS were studied with clinical manifestations, histology and immunohistochemical staining, and its clinical and pathological findings were further ana-lyzed with review of the literature. Results Case 1 was a 15-year-olds male and case 2 was a 21-year-olds female both of whom pres-ented with abdominal pain. Two patients were treated by surgical excision. Microscopically the tumor consisted of two different histolog-ical types, one of which was of high cell density and the other with low cell density and myxoid stroma. Both of these areas contained inflammatory cells, mainly neutrophils with few lymphocytes and plasmocytes. Tumor cells had an epithelioid phenotype with round nu-clei and small nucleoli, various nuclear atypia and mitotic figures were also found, which consistented with the diagnosis of epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the tumor cells were positive for ALK, vimentin, desmin, and CK(AE1/AE3) (focal), and were negative for Calretinin, CD30, CD31, CD33, SMA, HHF35, Myogenin, S-100, HMB-45, CD20, CD79a, CD3, CD5, CD45 and CD68. ALK rearrangement was identified in both cases by FISH using ALK break-a-part probe. Conclusions As an extremely rare tumor, the distinguishing between epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma and conventional inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is important. ALK inhibitors are theoretically useful for treating these tumors.
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Purpose To study the clinic-pathologic features, differential diagnosis and prognosis of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of cervix. Methods Eight cases of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of cervix were retrieved from our institution. HE staining, im-munohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were perform on those cases. Results Of the 8 cases of lymphoepithelioma-like carcino-ma,the median age was 44 years old ( ranged from 29-67 years) and all of the clinical stage belonged toⅠB. Grossly, 5 cases presen-ted a cauliflower-like appearance, 1 case grew as a polyp protrusion, and the other 2 cases showed a non-specified thicken change of cervix. Histologically, the tumors were composed of undifferentiated large cells, either loosely or closely-packed, with the nested and trabecular growth pattern. The tumor cells were generally oval or polygonal in shape, while the demarcation between the cells was indis-tinct and form the syncytial appearance. The nuclei were vesicular and had one or more prominent nucleoli. There were abundant infil-trates of lymphocyte and plasma cells among the tumor nests. The tumor cells showed positive expression of CK in 100% of cases, p63 in 37. 5% of cases, p16 in 62. 5% of cases, CK5/6 in 75% of cases, Ki-67 in 10% ~30% of cases. The stromal lymphocytes mainly expressed CD3 and CD8. EBER was negative in the entire tumor cells while was weakly positive in the stromal lymphocytes in one case. The follow-up data, which terminated at June 2013, demonstrate 7 cases were alive and 1 case died of the disease. Conclusions Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma occurred of cervix is rare. They have distinctive morphologic features and overall favorable prog-nosis. The accurate diagnosis is dependant on the combination of the histologic and immunohistochemical examination.
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To study the changes in skeletal muscle structure and insulin resistance of low birth weight rats.The low birth weight filial rat model was established by feeding low protein diet to the pregnant rat during gestation.At 7 d,21 d,and 2 months,blood glucose and serum insulin were measured,and the structure of skeletal muscle was observed.From 7 d to 2 months,the muscle fibers of low birth weight rat were atrophic and arranged in disorder.The ultrastructure of skeletal muscle was also abnormal distinctly at 2 months.No differences of blood glucose and rerum insulin were found between the two groups.
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Objective To observe the influence of L-Arg supplementation during early postnatal life on renal function of rats with intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR).Mehod Afer establishment of IUGR model with 10% protein diet,rats were divided randomly into 2 groups: IUGR group and L-Arg treated group(LT group).Normal control group(NC group) rats were fed with 20% protein diet.The level of NO,Cr in serum were measured from 1 w to 3 months and UCr,24 h-proteinuria were measured from 3 w to 3 months.Results(1)The levels of serum NO reduced significantly in group IUGR at every stage,not significantly different between group LT and NC,but more in group LT than in group IUGR.(2)The levels of 24h-proteinuria had no significant difference among three groups at 3 w and 2 month,but was significantly higher in group IUGR than group LT and group NC.(3)The Cr levels had no significant difference at every stage among three groups.The UCr level was decreased in group IUGR than group NC at 2 month and than group NC and LT at 3 month.(4)The level of CCr in group IUGR was decreased significantly at 3 w,2 month and 3 month than group LT and group NC.Conclusion L-Arg can increase serum NO and CCr levels and decrease the level of 24h-proteinuria in rats with IUGR.It is one of the important reasons to increase 24h-proteinuria and reduce CCr level for low NO value.